Jetstar Aircraft - The Lockheed Jetstar (company designations L-329 and L-1329; C-140 in US military service) was a business jet produced from the early 1960s to the 1970s. The Jetstar was the first business jet dedicated to service, and the only such aircraft built by Lockheed. It was one of the largest aircraft in the class for many years, seating a crew of t plus two. It was distinguished from other small jets by four engines mounted in the rear of the fuselage and "slipper" shaped fuel tanks attached to the wings.
The Jetstar originated as a private project at Lockheed, intended to win a United States Air Force (USAF) requirement that was abandoned due to budget cuts. Lockheed decided to pursue the project on its own for the commercial market.
Jetstar Aircraft
The first two prototypes were fitted with two Bristol Sidley Orpheus engines, the first of which flew on 4 September 1957. The second of these also had wing-mounted "slipper tanks", which were originally optional. Lockheed attempted to arrange a contract to produce the Orpheus in the United States, but when these negotiations failed, he completed a second prototype in 1959 with four Pratt & Whitney JT12s. The outer engines were mounted next to the inner ones, which were then arranged. . Used on Vickers VC10 and Ilyushin Il-62 aircraft. The slipper tanks were removed and placed on the first prototype. The JT12 fit was successful and was chosen for production versions, the first of which went into mid-1960.
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Noise control and high fuel consumption in the United States led to the development of the 731 Jetstar, a modification program that added new Garrett TFE731 turbofans with several detail changes. It has redesigned large external fuel tanks that are flush with the wing rather than centered on their top. The cockpit area has a slightly "modern" nose and window arrangement. The 731 Jetstar modification program was so successful that Lockheed produced 40 new Jetstars from 1976 to 1979 under the name Jetstar II. Jetstar IIs are factory-new aircraft with modified turbofan engines and external fuel tanks. Both the 731 JetStars and JetStar IIs have increased range, reduced noise and improved runway performance compared to the original JetStars.
Most of the original JetStars have been retired, but several 731 JetStars and JetStar IIs still fly in various roles, primarily as corporate and private jets.
The JetStar has a very typical business jet design layout with a swept wing and cruciform tail. The wing has a 30° sweepback and extends some distance forward and aft of the wing, with large fuel tanks at mid-span. The wings hold 10,000 pounds of fuel and each slipper tank holds 4,000 pounds of fuel for a total of 18,000 pounds of fuel. The wing has leading edge flaps (not slots) on the front of the outer wing of the tanks (these leading edge flaps reduce the stall speed by an additional three knots), while the leading edge flaps of the double slotted tip extend over the rear surface. Tire inboard. of ailerons. The wing has pneumatic rubber deicing boots to remove ice build-up on the aircraft. A horizontal stabilizer is mounted approximately in the center of the wing to protect it from the jet blast of the engines. One feature is that the horizontal stabilizer tire is cut off by pivoting the tail fin and stabilizer assembly, which has a distinct unpainted area at the base of the fin that can be seen in most pictures. JetStar does not have tail deicing capability, nor is it required for certification. A speed brake is located on the underside of the fuselage to aid in deceleration for landing. Original prototypes used landing gear with one wheel per leg, but after an accident in 1962, the nose gear was modified with two tires.
The JetStar is a relatively heavy aircraft for its class, at 44,500 lb (19,278 kg). Maximum cruise speed is Mach 0.8 or 567 mph (912 km/h) at 21,000 ft (6,401 m). Range is typically specified as 2,500 mi (4,023 km) with a 3,500 lb (1,588 kg) payload. Typically, the interior seats eight with a large sink or a slightly dser arrangement for t. Jetstar is one of the few aircraft in its class that allows a person to walk straight into the cabin, but to do this, the aisle is lowered slightly so that the seats on each side are raised.
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The first prototype served for a time as the personal transport of Kelly Johnson, Lockheed's Vice President of Advanced Development Projects. Elvis Presley owned two Jetstars at different times; The second was titled Hound Dog II and featured in Graceland. Frank Sinatra even had one.
In addition, Jetstar is owned by United States President Richard Nixon, the Shah of Iran and finally, the third group of Puerto Rican boys.
Six Jetstars were produced for the USAF; Five C-140As are flight inspection aircraft for the Air Force Communications Service and have been used since 1962 to conduct aerial tests of airport navigation aids (NAVIDs). They entered service during the Vietnam War and remained in service until the early 1990s. The C-140A "Flight Check" is a coded fighter aircraft that can be distinguished from the VIP transport version by their distinctive paint scheme. The C-140As were deployed to Southeast Asia during the Vietnam War, where in addition to their normal naval duties, they flew offshore and served as communications relays between the Pentagon and the battlefield.
An additional elevated airframe was designated the C-140B, but the first of these was delivered in 1961, before the C-140As. C-140Bs are used by the Military Airlift Command for personnel transport. Six aircraft (tail numbers 61-2488, 61-2489, 61-2490, 61-2491, 61-2492 and 61-2493) were operated as VIP transports by the 89th Military Airlift Wing at Andrews Air Base. These VIP aircraft are designated as VC-140B. During Jimmy Carter's presidency, he used a VC-140B dedicated to short trips and was known as "Peanut One" in the Special Air Missions Wing. After retirement, Cell (#89001) was placed on a static pedestal in front of the air terminal at Joint Base Andrews. Members of the VIP transport fleet occasionally served as Air Force One in the 1970s and 1980s. Many other countries, such as Germany and Canada, use military jetstars as transport for their heads of state, heads of government and other VIPs.
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Business, executive transport aircraft, with accommodation for a crew of two and t passengers, powered by four Pratt & Whitney JT12A-8 turbojets with 3,300 lbf (14.7 kN) thrust.
Of the new production version, powered by four Garrett TFE731-3 turbofans with 3,700 lbf (16.5 kN) thrust and modified external fuel tanks, 40 were built.
Conversion by American Aviation Industries with two General Electric CF34 engines replacing four JT12 turbojets or TFE731 turbofans, first flying on September 5, 1986.
Only one plane was changed. Work on the interior of the demonstrator was litigated in federal court in the late 1980s and early 1990s. The Executive Reactor was produced from the early 60s to the 70s. Jetstar was the first aircraft designed as an executive jet. service It was the largest aircraft in its class for many years with a total of ten seats and a crew of two. Distinguished from other small reactors by its four engines, the Vickers VC10 was mounted in the rear of the fuselage, similar to the airliner that made its first flight several years later, and the fuel tanks were mounted in the form of sandals by the wings.
Jetstar Airways Images, Stock Photos & Vectors
A prototype of a twin-engine L-329 Jetstar operated by Lockheed Aircraft Corporation at Washington DCA Airport in 1972.
Jetstar originated as a private initiative at Lockheed with the intention of winning competition from the USAF, which was canceled due to lack of funding. Lockheed decided to pursue the project for its own account for its use in the executive market.
The first prototypes were fitted with a Bristol Sidley Orpheus engine, the first of which, N329J, made its first flight on September 4, 1957. The second pattern was made with a "depositos zapatilla" mounted on the wing, which it actually was. Iban is optional. Lockheed decided to sign a contract to build the Orpheus in the two United States, but when negotiations failed, in 1959 it decided to swap out the engine of its second prototype, the N329K, for four Pratt & Whitney JT12 engines. First model, N329J. N329J briefly served as Clarence Johnson's personal transport. Assembly of the JT12 was compromised for the aircraft and selected for the production unit, the first of which flew in mid-1960.
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